Top Addictions in Lake Villa, IL

Understanding Addiction in the Lake Villa Area

Addiction is a complex disease that can impact anyone, leading to severe and long-lasting effects. Some of the Lake Villa, IL, top addictions include the following.

Alcohol

Despite alcohol’s prevalence and ready attainability, it is not a harmless substance. Frequent or excessive alcohol use and binge drinking can lead to alcohol addiction because alcohol can significantly affect brain chemistry and lead to physical and mental dependence. When someone has an alcohol use disorder, they will experience cravings and withdrawal symptoms when they stop drinking or decrease their alcohol use. Common signs of an alcohol use disorder include the following:

• Increased alcohol tolerance
• Neglecting responsibilities
• Obsessively thinking about drinking or your next drink
• Intense cravings
• Spending significant time and money on alcohol
• Frequent hangovers or blackouts
• Professional or legal problems stemming from drinking
• Drinking excessively even when it negatively impacts your life
• Withdrawal symptoms that occur when you try to stop drinking

Alcohol use disorder can cause withdrawal symptoms as early as six hours after a person last consumed alcohol, and some withdrawal symptoms can last for months or even years. Common withdrawal symptoms can include the following:

• Headache
• Nausea 
• Vomiting
• Sweating
• Anxiety
• Insomnia
• Confusion
• Increased heart rate
• Fever 
• High blood pressure
• Hallucinations
• Seizures

Alcohol withdrawal can be dangerous without medical supervision. The safest and most effective way to recover from an alcohol use disorder is with the help of medical professionals. A person who struggles with alcohol use disorder can pursue recovery through various treatments, including medication-assisted treatment, 12-step support, behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, trauma therapy and group and individual therapy. 

Marijuana

More than half of U.S. states have legalized marijuana for medicinal and recreational use, and many believe pot is not addictive. However, it can lead to a marijuana use disorder, especially when a person begins using cannabis as an adolescent. Someone who develops a dependence on marijuana will experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop using it, including: 

• Irritability
• Trouble sleeping
• Mood changes
• Cravings for marijuana
• Low appetite
• Restlessness

Marijuana is more potent than it used to be. Since the 1990s, the THC levels in marijuana have increased from less than 4% to over 15%. The more THC people consume at a time, the more it affects their brain and causes dependency to develop. A person who struggles with a marijuana use disorder can work toward recovery through various treatment options.

Tobacco

More than 8 million people die due to tobacco use each year. Of these deaths, more than 7 million directly result from tobacco use, but approximately 1.2 million result from secondhand smoke exposure. There are various forms of tobacco, such as cigarettes, e-cigarettes, pipe tobacco, smokeless and other tobacco products.

Tobacco products are addictive because they contain nicotine, which releases dopamine in the brain and creates sensations of pleasure. Over time, a person using tobacco products will develop a tolerance and a dependence on tobacco and need more of it at one time to create the same pleasurable feelings. Tobacco use presents several health risks, including the following:

• Several types of cancer
• Heart disease
• Stroke
• Lung disease
• Infertility
• Tooth loss
• Rheumatoid arthritis

Cocaine

Cocaine is a highly potent stimulant drug that affects the nervous system. It creates an intense feeling of euphoria through the combination of dopamine and other chemicals that bring about pleasure and reward in the brain. Cocaine is addictive, and only one use can cause dependence and intense cravings. When people use cocaine, they can inject, snort, smoke or swallow it in pill form. Cocaine can cause the following health conditions:

• Increased risk of stroke or heart attack
• Constricted blood vessels
• Increased heart rate
• High blood pressure
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Low appetite
• Anxiety
• Restlessness
• Irritability
• Hallucinations
• Paranoia

When a person struggling with cocaine use disorder stops taking this drug, they can experience general discomfort, fatigue, depression, agitation, restlessness, increased appetite and slowed physical activity. People can take steps toward recovering from cocaine use disorder through treatments such as medication-assisted treatment, individual therapy, group therapy, social services and other forms of treatment.

Opioids

In 2018, approximately 70% of U.S. overdose deaths involved opioids. Specifically, 46,802 overdose deaths in 2018 included opioids, and this number increased to 49,860 in 2019. In 2018, approximately 80% of overdose deaths in Illinois involved opioids, which equals 2,169 deaths.

Opioids include prescription opioids such as hydrocodone, oxymorphone, morphine, oxycodone and codeine, plus illegal drugs like heroin and synthetic opioids such as fentanyl. People often misuse prescription opioids by using more than a doctor prescribes, taking another person’s prescription or relying on the medications to feel “high.” 

Opioids attach to opioid receptors in the spinal cord, brain and other organs. They activate these receptors to block pain signals and release dopamine in the brain, creating increased feelings of pleasure. Doctors prescribe opioids to treat pain, but prescription opioids can cause the following side effects:

• Nausea
• Drowsiness
• Confusion
• Feelings of euphoria
• Constipation
• Slow breathing

When someone misuses prescription opioids, they can also develop a condition known as hypoxia. Hypoxia occurs when breathing slows down and prevents enough oxygen from getting to the brain. Hypoxia can cause permanent brain damage, coma or death. Misusing prescription opioids often leads to heroin use because it can be cheaper and easier to obtain than prescription opioids. Prescription and illegal opioids are highly addictive and cause mental and physical dependence.

Opioid use can cause physical dependence and drug tolerance, but the amount of time it takes to become dependent or develop a tolerance depends on each individual. Withdrawal from opioids can cause the following symptoms:

• Muscle aches
• Anxiety
• Agitation
• Insomnia
• Increased tear production
• Yawning
• Sweating
• Runny nose
• Nausea and vomiting
• Stomach cramps
• Diarrhea
• Goosebumps
• Dilated pupils

To recover from opioid use disorder, individuals can seek treatments such as medication-assisted treatment and behavior therapies such as individual counseling, group counseling and cognitive behavioral therapy.

People can seek recovery from opioid use disorder through addiction treatment specialties and general practices such as medication-assisted treatment, behavioral support, individual and group therapy and community resources.

Methamphetamine

Methamphetamine is a stimulant drug that increases wakefulness. It releases dopamine, which creates pleasurable feelings and rewires the brain to make a person feel they need to keep taking the drug to maintain their sense of euphoria. It also causes various adverse effects that include the following:

• Irregular heartbeat
• Increased activity
• Low appetite
• Shallow breathing
• Rapid heart rate
• High blood pressure
• Hyperthermia
• Convulsions
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Insomnia
• Confusion
• Violent behavior
• Hallucinations
• Long-term cognitive and emotional issues

Since 2010, the number of methamphetamine labs in the United States has decreased, but people can still obtain the drug, as higher quantities of it come from other countries such as Mexico. Between 2010 and 2017, researchers found that the number of arrests for methamphetamine-related offenses in Illinois nearly tripled.

Hallucinogens

Hallucinogens are drugs that alter a person’s thoughts, feelings and awareness of their surroundings. Hallucinogens include classic hallucinogenic drugs as well as dissociative drugs. Both types of hallucinogens cause hallucinations, which are sensations of seeing, feeling and hearing things that aren’t real. In addition to hallucinations, dissociative drugs cause users to feel disconnected or out of control.

Some hallucinogens are synthetic, or human-made. Others derive from mushrooms or plants. Classic hallucinogens include D-lysergic acid diethylamide, N-dimethyltryptamine, 251-NBOMe, psilocybin and peyote. Dissociative drugs include ketamine, salvia, dextromethorphan and phencyclidine. People use hallucinogens by smoking, eating them raw, swallowing them in pill or liquid form, brewing them into tea, snorting, injecting, inhaling or absorbing substances through the inside of the mouth.

Classic hallucinogens affect people by disrupting communication between the chemical systems within the spinal cord and brain. They affect serotonin in the brain, which controls sensory perception, hunger, sleep, mood, control of the intestinal muscles, body temperature and sexual behavior. Dissociative drugs affect glutamate, a brain chemical that controls emotion, memory, learning, responses to the environment and perception of pain.

The effects of classic hallucinogens can last up to 12 hours, and they can include the following:

• Nausea
• Rapid heart rate
• A sensation that time is moving slowly
• Heightened feelings and sensations
• High blood pressure
• High temperature
• Rapid breathing
• Low appetite
• Trouble sleeping
• Dry mouth
• Increased sweating
• Panic
• Uncoordinated movement
• Bizarre or abnormal behaviors

Classic hallucinogens can also cause psychosis, or the sensation of being disconnected from reality, and paranoia, which is unreasonable and intense distrust of others. In some cases, they can cause long-term effects such as persistent psychosis and hallucinogen persisting perception disorder. Persistent psychosis causes recurring mental disturbances such as disorganized thinking, changes in mood, paranoia and visual disturbances. HPPD can cause flashbacks to drug experiences, such as hallucinations. These flashbacks can happen within a few days to a year after using hallucinogens, and they often occur suddenly and without warning.

In addition to hallucinations, dissociative drugs can cause effects that include the following:

• Disorientation
• Poor coordination
• High blood pressure
• Rapid breathing
• Increased heart rate
• High temperature
• Loss of memory
• Anxiety
• Panic
• Seizures
• Mood swings
• Breathing problems
• Amnesia
• An inability to move
• Symptoms of psychosis

In addition to these effects, dissociative drugs can cause weight loss, depression, suicidal thoughts, memory loss and trouble with speech. PCP in high doses can lead to coma, seizures or death in some cases. When people use classic hallucinogens or dissociative drugs, they can also experience severe harm because the feelings these substances create can lead them to do dangerous things they wouldn’t otherwise dream of. 

Some hallucinogens can be addictive, and others can cause people to develop a tolerance. PCP use can create withdrawal symptoms such as headaches, cravings and sweating.